Venice outfall contaminate levels deemed acceptable, based upon just one sample?
Francesco Abbruzzino, The Uncensored Report, LLC
This report from 2021 is a bit comical. They conducted an analysis of the outfalls throughout Venice in 2021. This was triggered after the area went through some major red tide issues, which the outfall pollutants tend to aggravate. The firms conducting the analysis only had one sample to run their statistical analysis from, since there was no rain………. I only got up to Stats II while working towards an MBA, but I am thinking one sample would not provide a solid statistical analyses. Perhaps coming during the rain season would have provided more samples and a better analysis? They did find “TN, TP, and Enterococcus at almost all of the sampled sites”.
Below is a paragraph covering the findings. There is more, which you can read via the full report by clicking —->>> here
The results of all in-situ measurements and laboratory analysis were in compliance with applicable State Water Quality Standards as specified under Chapter 62-302, Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.) with the exception of TN, TP, and Enterococcus at almost all of the sampled sites. The report in Appendix B provides a detailed summary of the 2019 analysis and findings. In general, the comparison of the observed water quality concentrations to the modeled results is limited since only a single sample was collected at the sites and there was no discharge data available to calculate loads. The land use event mean concentrations were prorated based upon the islands’ overall land use composition to develop direct runoff concentration estimates. The estimate was then compared to the observed concentrations (though these estimated concentrations did not account for BMPs in the basin). Most observed concentrations were less than would be expected from direct runoff, likely reflecting some treatment in the basin. TN concentrations were slightly above model estimated at outfalls 10 and 18; while TP concentrations were at or above model estimated at outfalls 5, 10, 12, 14, and 18. The observed high TSS likely explains the elevated TN and TP concentrations at outfall 18. The observed FC levels were all less than expected based upon the land use but were still above the state water quality criterion for all outfalls except outfalls 10 and 20.
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